] The first regulatory approval for cultivated chicken occurred in December 2020 in Singapore, with commercial sales following shortly thereafter. ] Today, a growing number of companies (at least 70 as of mid‐2021) are working to commercialize and scale CM. ] The first reported tasting of CM occurred in 2013 with the much‐publicized hamburger produced by Dr. ] The first experimental demonstration of CM was reported in 2002, which showed that cultured fish cells could contribute to the growth of a goldfish muscle explant. Cultivated meat (CM also called cell‐based or cultured meat) is meat grown from animal stem cells, mimicking the process by which cells grow and divide in vivo to produce a product with the same nutritional and organoleptic properties as its conventional counterpart. ] despite increased public awareness of climate change, suggesting that the desire to avoid climate impacts is, by itself, not sufficient to meaningfully curb meat consumption.Ī possibly more pragmatic means of addressing the negative externalities of meat production is by changing the production process rather than requiring large‐scale consumer behavior change. ] However, global meat consumption continues to rise steadily [ ] Public concerns around climate change appear to drive purchasing behavior at least to some extent, as increased media coverage of climate change is associated with decreased demand for beef. ] In addition to climate impacts, meat production comes at a high environmental cost in areas such as land and water use, primarily due to animal feed production and animal waste contamination. When assessed according to CO 2 equivalents, greenhouse gas emissions from livestock represent 14.5% of anthropogenic emissions. ] A 2020 report from the UN Environment Programme on preventing future pandemics noted that two of the seven major anthropogenic causes of zoonotic disease are increased global demand for animal protein products and unsustainable agriculture intensification, such as the rise of intensive animal agriculture. Much of the deforestation of sensitive habitats such as the Amazon rainforest, which irreversibly threatens biodiversity and brings humans close to displaced wild animals, is due to livestock grazing or feed cropping. ] Intensive animal farming also plays a substantial role in antibiotic resistance, as 80% of all antibiotics sold in the United States [ Primarily due to the increase in close human–animal contacts from animal agriculture, destruction of wildlife habitats, and rising human population and global mobility, 75% of new infectious diseases in humans arise from animal sources (zoonotic). Large‐scale conventional animal agriculture is associated with a host of environmental and public health issues. Although the development of appropriate scaffolds for cultivated meat is challenging, it is also tractable and provides novel opportunities to customize meat properties. Recommendations are provided for future research into scaffolds capable of supporting the growth of high‐quality meat while minimizing production costs. This review discusses the properties of vertebrate skeletal muscle that will need to be replicated in a successful product and the current state of scaffolding innovation within the cultivated meat industry, highlighting promising scaffold materials and techniques that can be applied to cultivated meat development. However, cultivated meat production comes with a unique set of constraints related to the scale and cost of production as well as the necessary attributes of the final product, such as texture and food safety. Many scaffolding technologies are already developed for use in biomedical tissue engineering. For cultivated meat to fully mimic conventional meat's organoleptic and nutritional properties, innovations in scaffolding technology are required. Cultivating meat from stem cells rather than by raising animals is a promising solution to concerns about the negative externalities of meat production.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |